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Frontline: CHILDREN AS COMMODITIES

FRONTLINE MAGAZINE

(Madras, India)

May 25, 2001, pp. 35-37

Copyright (c) 2001, Frontline. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission.

CHILDREN AS COMMODITIES

Barbara Walters, Others Tell Personal Adoption Stories - ABC News

May 10, 2001 -- Barbara Walters used to find it painful to walk through a toy store.

More than 30 years ago, she and her husband, Lee Guber, wanted desperately to have children.

After Walters had three miscarriages, the couple decided to adopt a baby girl they named Jackie. Having a child, says Walters, "made her life complete."

Over the years, Walters discovered there were many others inside the ABC community who have made the decision to adopt, including weekend anchor Carole Simpson and former ABCNEWS correspondent Connie Chung, as well as talk-show host Rosie O'Donnell.

These parents and some of their children speak out about adoption and how it has changed their lives in an ABCNEWS special called Born in My Heart: A Love Story.

Indian children are increasingly being adopted by the richest countries. Inter-country adoption, in fact, is a highly profitable

Adoption fulfils two of man's deepest needs - the craving for parenthood and a child's desire to belong.

Add to that the pressures of the 21st century and it is not surprising that Indian children are increasingly being adopted by the richest countries. Inter-country adoption, in fact, is a highly profitable business.

In the US and Denmark, the number of Indian children being adopted has grown in the past few years. In 1999-2000, the traffic to the US more than doubled and increased by a third to Denmark.

Since 1969, 15 per cent of adoptions by the Swedish agency Adoptions Centrum were from India. India follows Colombia and Philippines in the number of children being adopted by Norwegians since 1972.

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Inter-country adoption becomes highly profitable business

NEW LIVES: Indian children adapt wellAdoption fulfils two of man's deepest needs - the craving for parenthood and a child's desire to belong.

Add to that the pressures of the 21st century and it is not surprising that Indian children are increasingly being adopted by the richest countries. Inter-country adoption, in fact, is a highly profitable business.

In the US and Denmark, the number of Indian children being adopted has grown in the past few years. In 1999-2000, the traffic to the US more than doubled and increased by a third to Denmark.

Since 1969, 15 per cent of adoptions by the Swedish agency Adoptions Centrum were from India. India follows Colombia and Philippines in the number of children being adopted by Norwegians since 1972.

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Quebec halts adoptions from India

Quebec halts adoptions from India

Last Updated: Saturday, May 5, 2001 | 8:47 AM ET

CBC News

 

 

The agency that oversees international adoptions in Quebec has put a stop to adoptions from India.

Allegations of child trafficking have forced the closing of several orphanages operating in India. One of them is the orphanage the Quebec government dealt with.

India has always been open to international adoption. But it's only since last December that couples in Quebec have been able to adopt Indian children.

The company that provides the service is called Children of the World. It founded an orphanage, Bethany Home, in the province of Tandoor. The orphanage had the approval of India's Central Adoption Resource Agency.

Five couples have adopted already, 15 others have received a picture of the baby they are waiting for.

But Bethany Home is now closed, its director cannot be found. A suspected child smuggler in India listed Bethany Home as one of his clients.

Ginette Beaulne of the Quebec International Adoption Secretariat, says prospective parents are anxious. "It's a difficult situation. You don't know what's going to happen. You've seen the child, you've already started an attachment, and we know how difficult this can be," she said.

Beaulne says adoptions are suspended until the situation can be cleared up. "Until we know more ... we won't put other adoptive parents in a situation of being very worried."

Michel Mignacco of Children of the World defends Bethany Home and its director saying there was no need for her to pay for children. "There were so many children left on her balcony every day, every day there were abandoned children. An average of 10 per day."

Mignacco says the worried couples should have answers soon.

According to Beaulne the babies destined for Quebec have been placed in a foster home in India and are still available for adoption.

http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2001/05/04/adoption_pmc_010504.html

ARCHBISHOP DENIES CHURCH CENTER INDULGED IN CHILD TRAFFICKING

An archbishop has challenged government agencies to prove their allegation that a Catholic orphanage in his southern Indian archdiocese is involved in child trafficking.

Archbishop Marampudi Joji of Hyderabad challenged "government officials or any responsible person" April 28 to inspect Tender Loving Care (TLC) home after police in Andhra Pradesh state accused it of adoption irregularities.

The archbishop, considered the head of the Catholic Church in Andhra Pradesh, denied that the nuns who run Church-approved and government-sanctioned TLC are involved in illegal procurement of children for adoption. He has appealed to state Chief Minister Nara Chandrababu Naidu on the matter.

In raids over 10 days from April 21, state Child Welfare Department officials "rescued" 187 children from eight adoption homes and other places.

In the first raid, the department found 65 children abandoned in a private adoption center.

Easier to adopt for homosexuals

Anne Linnet's adoption of two Romanian children aged 7 and 12 is far from normal practice. So far that the association Adoption & Samfund sees the possibility of easier access to adoption for singles and homosexuals in the future.

The well-known singer and composer's adoption of the siblings, Peter and Maria, was the subject of a heated discussion over lunch when the Adoption & Society association held a national meeting at the weekend.

"We see it as a softening of the practice that has been in force until now, which must have fundamental importance for future adopters. Especially for single adopters and homosexuals. If other adopters are not treated according to the same principles, it will be an expression of double standards,' says the chairman of the association Adoption & Samfund, Lars Kluver.

There are three factors in particular that the association sees as completely fundamental in Anne Linnet's adoption case:

She already has three biological children and with the adoption of the sibling couple, she reaches a group of five children. She is single and has publicly confessed that she is sexually attracted to both men and women.

"The adoption departs from the counties' previous principles that special questions are asked when adopting a third child when there are already two children in the family. This case strongly undermines that principle, so that in future the counties should no longer look at the number of children in the family,' says Lars Kluver.

"The principles in the case must in future make it easier for single people to adopt, so that special requirements are no longer made.

Thirdly, I see it as a principled attitude towards gay adopters in this decision, which must have consequences for future practice.

Today, single adopters are asked questions, i.e. women, about whether they have regular contact with men, so that the child can have a natural relationship with men. With this decision, I think the logical consequence must be that these kinds of questions are no longer asked of single, female adopters. After all, this is a public figure who has made his sexuality known to both men and women,' says the chairman of Adoption & Society, who is not aware of similar cases that have so violently affected a current practice.

The adoption association is not enthusiastic about the way Anne Linnet has adopted the two Romanian children that she previously had as holiday children:

"It should not become a back road to adoption that you first take a holiday child with the aim of adopting later. Today it is a potential back road, but it should ideally not become the case that you automatically adopt holiday children. There are completely different criteria for being approved as a family for a holiday child than for an adopted child,' says Lars Kluver.

It is the association DanAdopt in Birkerød that has helped Anne Linnet get the adoption papers in order with the Romanian authorities. Here, office manager Ole Bergmann states that only very few children are adopted from Romania, i.e. maximum of five children per year.

"Romania is a very difficult country to work with because the information about the children is not always correct. It is a country where you have to be careful not to fall into the clutches of people who are corrupt and do not have good motives," says Ole Bergmann, who has four other cases on his table involving the adoption of holiday children."
 

Select Committee on International Development Minutes of Evidence Memorandum submitted by Francesca Simms, The European Children's Trust

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THIS MEMORANDUM

  The European Children's Trust (formerly The Romanian Orphanage Trust) is an international non-governmental organisation based in London. It was formed in 1990—in the post Ceausescu era with the aim of alleviating the plight of children in Romania. Ceausescu's regime had left a legacy of many children abandoned by their parents to inadequate orphanages often referred to as "dying rooms".
 

  Since 1990 The Romanian Orphanage Trust has evolved into The European Children's Trust working in countries of eastern Europe and Central Asia to help build child welfare systems to supersede the former institutionalised systems of childcare. The aim is for the new services to be adopted by the local authorities in order to become truly local services. The Trust has experienced at first hand the circumstances of children with HIV/AIDS with inadequate care systems and how the onset of HIV/AIDS impacts on the economic viability of families and consequently the economic viability of a country.
 

  The Trust's core competence is in preventing the break-up of vulnerable families in situations of dire poverty and extreme social hardship. Its experience is that state orphanages, which are home for children affected by HIV/AIDS are: