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Als Rahul blond was geweest stonden zijn ’ouders’ sterker

Als Rahul blond was geweest stonden zijn ’ouders’ sterker

Hilbrand W.S. Westra, directeur stichting United Adoptees International − 10/06/10, 00:00

Westers idee van ’belang van het kind’ weegt zwaarder dan belang van Indiaas echtpaar dat op zoek is naar hun geroofde kind.

  • Twee kinderen in Tamil Nadu die door de tsunami wees werden.  (FOTO EPA)
    Twee kinderen in Tamil Nadu die door de tsunami wees werden. (FOTO EPA)

Ooit werd met stelligheid geloofd dat (interlandelijke) adoptie in het belang was van kinderen en dat dat belang voor altijd voorop zou staan en eeuwig geldend zou zijn. In de praktijk blijkt niets minder waar. Vele geadopteerden, eens geadopteerd met dit internationaal motto als uitgangspunt, fronsen hun wenkbrauwen als je hun uitlegt wat de gevolgen zijn voor henzelf en die van de beide ouderparen. Namelijk, de toe-eigening van de rechten op een kind door ontvangende landen, en het verlies ervan door de ouders in de landen van herkomst.

De mythe dat bij alle adopties werkelijk sprake zou zijn van kinderen zonder ouders en familie kan na vele internationale onderzoeken van de baan. Met andere woorden; dat er geen noodzaak zou zijn om de belangen van eventuele ouders in landen van herkomst te behartigen en de internationale kinderrechten hierin te volgen, blijkt een internationale misvatting. Maar iets wat is verworden tot een gewoonterecht, en daarmee een cultureel fenomeen, is lastig om te buigen.

Dit blijkt ook wederom in de praktijk. In 2007 werd bekend dat ’Rahul’, een geadopteerde jongen uit India, waarschijnlijk nog ouders had en dat hij nooit werkelijk vrijwillig is afgestaan door zijn vermeende ouders. Het verzoek destijds om één en ander op een goede wijze, zonder al te veel aandacht van de media, op te lossen, bleek op tegenwerking van de adoptieouders te stuiten.

Zij gebruikten ’Rahul’ als buffer om niet zelf een reactie te hoeven geven op deze situatie. United Adoptees International (UAI) heeft destijds in een gesprek met vertegenwoordigers van het adoptiebureau Meiling, via wie Rahul was geadopteerd, en de curator van de adoptiefamilie, mevrouw Van Tuyll (voormalige voorzitter van de Europese Koepel van adoptiebureaus, Euradopt) getracht een oplossing te bewerkstelligen voor alle partijen zonder het op een juridisch geschil te laten aankomen. Maar uit dat gesprek werd duidelijk dat niemand van de betrokken partijen van plan was hieraan mee te werken. Met als argument, dat het niet het belang van Rahul zou dienen.

Dezer dagen wordt Rahul opnieuw ten tonele gevoerd. Maar steeds als potentieel slachtoffer door de Nederlandse belangenpartijen. Hij zou niet willen meewerken aan een DNA-test. Angst hebben om terug te moeten keren naar India enzovoorts. Ik betwijfel de objectiviteit van de partijen die namens hem zeggen te spreken. Echter, als de jongen nu zou worden verteld, dat er een moeder is die graag wil weten of hij werkelijk hun zoon is en dat er geen sprake zal zijn van een gedwongen hereniging en terugkeer naar India, dan hoeft hij geen angst te hebben uit het ’rijke’ Nederland te worden gehaald.

Het heeft er alle schijn van, dat er wordt gepoogd een beeld neer te zetten dat hij een weloverwogen keus heeft gemaakt en de consequenties kan overzien voor de lange termijn. Een zogenaamde vrije keus. Maar of daar echt sprake van is, is nog maar de vraag. Want we weten langzamerhand wel dat veel geadopteerden zich vaak gevangen voelen in een dubbele loyaliteit en op een latere leeftijd worstelen met de daaruit voortkomende dubbele moraal. Echter, niemand spreekt over deze consequentie en hoe daar later mee om te gaan. Laat staan waar een geadopteerde eventueel terechtkan als hij daarin vastloopt.

Intussen zijn we drie jaar verder en is het drama verworden tot een juridisch geschil. De moeder en vader van Rahul, mevrouw Nagarani en mijnheer Kathirvelu, maken helaas een zeer kleine kans om hun belang beantwoord te zien. Want hier staan geen gelijkwaardige krachten tegenover elkaar, maar de adoptie-industrie versus een arm echtpaar uit een niet-westers land dat we liever uitbuiten dan beschermen. Want als Rahul nu blond was geweest, de landen waren omgedraaid en Madeleine McCann had geheten, was het pleit snel beslecht.

Er is echter nog een mogelijkheid voor een goede oplossing in deze kwestie. De curator wordt vervangen door iemand met een apolitieke adoptieachtergrond, de invloed van het adoptiebureau wordt uitgebannen en er komt een advies voor medewerking aan een DNA-test. Een volwassen geadopteerde uit India met pedagogische kwaliteiten gaat spreken met Rahul over zijn situatie en de mogelijke gevolgen.

Verder krijgen de vader en moeder van Rahul uitzicht op een ontmoeting met de jongen als blijkt dat de DNA-test positief uitwijst en de adoptieouders hun persoonlijk belang op de achtergrond stellen. Als deze lijn wordt gevolgd, is de kans aanwezig dat er een gezonder klimaat wordt gecreëerd voor alle direct betrokkenen.

Maar de hoop op zo’n oplossing is gering. Immers het kind is geadopteerd onder de westerse definitie van ’in het belang van het kind’ en niet die van armere landen.

Guatemala: Frustrated, Chief of Corruption Panel Resigns

Guatemala: Frustrated, Chief of Corruption Panel Resigns

Carlos Castresana, the Spanish judge leading a United Nations commission charged with fighting Guatemala’s corruption and impunity, has given up in frustration. After two and a half years at the head of the commission, known as Cicig, Mr. Castresana, above, resigned on Monday, saying that Guatemala had failed to keep promises to follow the panel’s recommendations. The catalyst for his resignation was the appointment of Guatemala’s new attorney general, Conrado Reyes. Mr. Castresana accused Mr. Reyes of having ties to illegal adoption rings and drug traffickers.

Canadian fight to bring Ugandan kids home

Canadian fight to bring Ugandan kids home
By ANDREW HANON, QMI Agency
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Denise and Franklin Guillaume hold adopted children Alex and Olivia in Uganda in 2009. The Edmonton couple are battling the federal government to bring the kids to Canada.

EDMONTON - Franklin and Denise Guillaume just want to bring their children home, but the Canadian High Commission in Nairobi, Kenya won't let them.

They join a growing number of Canadians trying to adopt Ugandan orphans who are being denied visas for the kids because the Canadian government doesn't want to interfere in what it considers another country's domestic problems.

The Edmonton couple has been trying for nine months to get permanent-resident visas for Alex and Olivia, toddlers abandoned at birth and living in an overcrowded orphanage in Jinja, Uganda.

They've been approved for adoption by Alberta Children's Services and the Ugandan courts have declared the Guillaumes the children's legal guardians, but the high commission refuses to issue visas, thus barring their entry to Canada.

"It's cruel," says Denise, fighting back tears of frustration. "When we go back to Uganda, we'll have to meet them all over again and they'll have to bond with us a second time."

So far they've spent $30,000 trying to bring their kids home, and if they end up taking the Canadian government to court, it's going to get a lot more expensive.


Meanwhile, Alex and Olivia continue to languish in the orphanage.

"The woman running the orphanage says she's running out of room," said Denise. "Two of the kids there are ours. They belong with us."

The Guillaumes, who have two biological children, Anika, 6, and Rhys, 4, began the adoption process in early 2009.

They travelled to Uganda in October and spent eight weeks applying for guardianship and getting to know the children.

The court order specifies they can take their children overseas to live, but Franklin says when he travelled to Nairobi to get their visas to bring them to Canada, he was turned down.

Turns out, the Ugandan government and courts can't agree on allowing guardianship to foreigners. The government in Kampala says guardianship should only be granted to people who've lived at least three years in Uganda -- or if the child is sick.

Meanwhile, a Lethbridge-area family is mulling taking the feds to court over Ottawa's refusal to accept Ugandan court rulings.

But if that takes too long, says James Schalk of Coaldale, they'll simply move to Uganda for three years.

"They're my kids, no different from my kids here in Canada, and I'll do anything for them," he said. "If we have to, we'll pack up and leave. We're prepared to sell everything and move there to be with our kids."

Schalk and his wife Cheremi are also trying to adopt two orphans, aged three and four, and are in the same boat as the Guillaumes. He knows of another four families struggling to get kids out of Uganda.

"We're not trying to smear the government, but we want our kids home," he said. "We have a legal opinion saying they have no right to deny our kids visas, so that's the avenue we're looking at."

Edmonton Sherwood Park Tory MP Tim Uppal called it a "delicate issue."

"Adoptions from Uganda are very complex," he said. "There is a difference of opinion between the courts and their legislative bodies on what constitutes legal guardianship. "

The Ugandan government and its courts have to settle the dispute themselves before Canada can issue visas in these cases, he said.

But Schalk says other countries accept Ugandan court rulings and give adoptive families visas to bring kids home.

"It seems like there is someone opposed to adoptions, and they're stalling us in the process," he said. "Ultimately, it's hurting our children."

andrew.hanon@sunmedia.ca

Comment Petition: de ce sunt de acord... [Anca Ionela]

de ce sunt de acord... [Anca Ionela]
sunt Ionela si sunt de acord cu aceasta petitie. Va spun si de ce. In 2000 am fost adoptata de o familie de italieni, impreuna cu fratele meu, dar Ion Tiriac si Emma Nicholson au inchis adoptiile. Ne-au ascuns pe mine, pe fratele meu cu inca alti trei copii adoptati de la acelasi centru, in azilul de batrani al carui director era chiar directorul educativ al centrului. Mergeam la scoala cu gardienii de la centru, eram paziti la usa clasei ca niste puscariasi. Ne luau de la cursuri si ne duceau pe camp sau la depozitul de fier vechi al unui cunoscut de-al directorului spunandu-ne ca ne ascund ca sa nu ne ia strainii organele.10 ani am trait terorizata, inspaimantata de aceasta "grija" parintasca. In loc sa fim lasati sa mergem in familiie adoptive, am primit batai din partea mamelor sociale, chiar si a gardienilor, insulte la adresa noastra, umilinta si dispret. Acum dupa 10 ani, viata noastra este goala... plina de traume psihice, de cosmar, de deziluzii, de minciuni, de manipulare psihica. In ultimii 3 ani, toti copiii au fost dati afara din centru, in locul lor au fost adusi batrani pentru ca nu mai erau copii...si majoritatea au ajuns in strada.Cele mai multe fete au fost violate chiar de unii angajati ai centrului si "consiliate" sa declare anchetatorilor, ca au facut dragoste de buna voie si nesilite de nimeni. Din 98 de copii cati eram atunci, doar 10 au terminat o scoala, restul fiind pe nicaieri, cu dificultati de integrare sociala. O parte dintre acestia au dormit si dorm inca pe sub scarile unor blocuri, prin parcuri, in adapostul de noapte unde dorm majoritatea boschetarilor. Ce ne-a oferit statul roman pana acum? Mancare si dormit, ca la puscariasi. Nu tu dragoste, nu tu familie, nu tu educatie, nu tu siguranta, un viitor fara speranta. In prezent centrul de copii a devenit azil de batrani, iar 30 de copii au fost trimisi sa " invete" in Fagaras intr-o scoala de copii bolnavi psihic. 
Auzi "Gica" iti propun sa o adopti pe o colega de-a mea. Are 19 ani. A fost adpotata in 2000 de o familie de profesori universitari din Verona, dar nici ea nu a ajuns la familia adoptiva, din aceleasi motive. Stii ce s-a intamplat in ultimii 10 ani in viata ei? Iti spun eu: a fost violata la varsta de 14 ani. A furat si fura in continuare. Are dosare penale de furt calificat la politia din Fagaras si Brasov. A fost data afara din centru la implinirea varstei de 18 ani. Acum se prostitueaza intr-un bar de noapte din Fagaras. Halal grija! Halal viata!
Poti s-o adopti daca vrei. Ea inca isi doreste familie... Si sti care mai este paradoxul? Familia adoptiva din Italia a venit in ultimii ani, s-o intalneasca, sa o incurajeze, sa o sustina moral si financiar, dar ea era plecata si in Austria sa isi profeseze meseria pe care a invatat-o in timpul institutionalizarii !!!
Pentru stiinta ta, in Romania sunt la aceasta ora peste 70.000 de copii abandonati si aproximativ 3000 de familii atestate ca fiind apte sa adopte un copil. De ce nu se fac adoptii nationale? Iti spun tot eu: romanii nu adopta copii de tigani. In plus, fa tu socoteala, Gica ce cheltuieli asigura statul roman pentru cresterea unui copil in orfelinat. 20 milioane lei vechi pe luna. Asa ca, Gica draga, plateste tu in continuare din salariul tau pentru toti orfanii Romaniei sau si mai bine, adopta-i pe toti !!! Sigur, presedintele Romaniei care se opune adoptiilor internationale te va premia si va fi nasul copiilor tai. 
Semnat ANCA IONELA LUCIA unul dintre initiatorii petitiei. [09/06/2010 18:00]

Failed adoption US - Kind en Toekomst

Historie Verenigde Staten

Hieronder volgt een samenvatting van onze adoptie uit Amerika. We hebben bepaalde delen weggelaten omwille van de vertrouwelijkheid.

10 februari 2010 kregen we een telefoontje van Bouwien van Kind en Toekomst. We hadden de dag daarvoor zelf gebeld om wat van ons te laten horen en de collega die we toen aan de lijn krijgen zag dat er geen nieuwe notities in ons dossier waren bijgekomen. Ook hadden we 9 februari de infokrant van Kind en Toekomst ontvangen en hierin stond te lezen dat er geen concrete resultaten geboekt waren met volledige bemiddeling in de VS. We waren voornemens om over 3 maanden weer te bellen.

Wat schetst onze verbazing, Bouwien vertelde dat ze ons mocht polsen voor een sibling. Het ging om 2 jongentjes van net 7 en bijna 5 jaar. De VS wilde met ons een conference call. We mochten nog niet direct te enthousiast worden want het kon zijn dat ze met meerdere stellen aan het praten waren.

Op 14 februari 2010 belde Bouwien. Het was nog niet duidelijk wanneer de conference call kon plaatsvinden.

Report aims to clear adoption group of impropriety

Report aims to clear adoption group of impropriety

By Conall O Fátharta

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Wednesday, June 09, 2010

ADOPTION agency Helping Hands, currently under investigation by the Adoption Board in relation to fees it charges people to adopt from Vietnam, has issued a report clearing the agency of any impropriety.

Argentine media heirs face 'adoption' DNA tests

Argentine media heirs face 'adoption' DNA tests

Activists suspect they were born to prisoners during the Dirty War

By David Usborne in New York

Tuesday, 8 June 2010

Marcel and Felipe Noble Herrera, the adopted children of Ernestina Herrera de Noble, the owner of the Clarin publishing group

AP

Marcel and Felipe Noble Herrera, the adopted children of Ernestina Herrera de Noble, the owner of the Clarin publishing group

DNA Tests Forced on Family of Argentine President's Foe

DNA Tests Forced on Family of Argentine President's Foe

Updated: 6 hours 17 minutes ago
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Theunis Bates

Theunis Bates Contributor

(June 7) -- Relations between Argentina's government and its opponents in the press reached a new low today, after the adopted children of an opposition-backing media magnate were forced to undergo a court-ordered DNA test.

Supporters of President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner hope that the results will show that Ernestina Herrera de Noble -- the 84-year-old owner of Grupo Clarin, which runs the country's largest newspaper and cable network -- was connected with state-approved murders carried out during Argentina's dark years of military rule.

Herrera de Noble adopted the two children at the heart of this controversial case, Marcela and Felipe Noble Herrera, in 1976, soon after Isabel Peron was overthrown by a military coup. Campaigners allege that the siblings, who are set to inherit a $1 billion fortune, didn't come from an orphanage, but were in fact illegally snatched from one of the 30,000 people "disappeared" during Argentina's so-called Dirty War.
Marcela Noble, left, and her brother Felipe Noble, pose for pictures after an interview Thursday, June 3.
Natascha Pisarenko, AP
Marcela, left, and her brother Felipe, the adopted children of media magnate Ernestina Herrera de Noble, were forced to undergo DNA testing on Monday.

It's believed that between 1976 and 1983, around 500 children born to political prisoners being held in covert detention centers were removed by the dictatorship. The babies were then handed over to families loyal to the regime, while their real parents were executed. (A favored method of "disappearance" involved drugging prisoners, and then tossing their bodies from a helicopter as it hovered over the sea.)

Thanks to DNA testing, activist group the Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo -- who aim to identify the 500 missing grandchildren and reunite them with their biological relations -- has so far managed to uncover 101 of the snatched kids. And the organization believes that Marcela and Felipe are children 102 and 103, suspecting they were passed to Herrera de Noble because of her close connections with the regime.

If the DNA tests prove that the aging press baroness knowingly adopted the children of people executed by the junta, she could face a hefty prison sentence. However, although an investigation was opened into their adoption in 2001, Marcela and Felipe have always refused to submit to genetic testing, saying that there is no evidence that their parents were disappeared and that don't want to know their names.

They also argue that their adoptive mother is being targeted because for the past two years she has been a consistent thorn in the side of the president. In 2008, the Clarin group's newspaper and TV channels sided with farmers who went on strike over the government's plans to introduce an export tax on many agricultural products. The president's approval ratings have never recovered from the incident.

Critics claim that President Kirchner took her revenge last year, by approving a new law proposed by the Grandmothers allowing for the forced extraction of DNA from adults who may be the children of political prisoners -- even those who didn't want to know their origins. Elisa Carrio, head of the centrist Radical Civic Union party, described the legislation as "pure fascism" at a press conference and said that it had been written with the aim of bringing down Herrera de Noble.

Last week, a judge sought to enforce that controversial law by ordering armed agents to track down Marcela and Felipe and videotape them surrendering items of clothing. Pieces of underwear and other items were eventually handed over to the authorities. DNA will be extracted from the clothing (the siblings had refused to give a blood sample) and compared with hundreds of samples provided by relatives of disappeared mothers and fathers.

The case has led many in Argentina to wonder whether it is appropriate to treat these possible victims of the junta as if they were common criminals. "[The Grandmothers'] work is noble, it's praiseworthy. But the end doesn't justify the means," Marcela told The Associated Press last week. "When human rights groups say they have to protect the victims, to take care of these children we love, is this love? It's a form of love that we don't understand. This is why we feel we aren't listened to."

She added that if they discovered they were the children of disappeared Argentines, they would try "to assimilate it, it's up to us to prepare ourselves and it's up to us to see what we want to do. Only we will know how we'll feel."

Her brother, however, said that the test will change nothing. "Whatever the result," Felipe told the news agency, "for me it's just one more sheet of paper, one more fact in my desk."

Italy and Bulgaria embroiled in controversy over lost girl saga

Italy and Bulgaria embroiled in controversy over lost girl saga

VIOLINA HRISTOVA

Today @ 09:52 CET

The case of a lost and found Bulgarian girl has stirred controversy in both her native country and in Italy, her present home.

Plamena, 11, was allegedly thought dead by her parents for a decade, before they found her, malnourished and sick, in a state-run home for mentally disabled children in a Bulgarian village.

Plamena (l) already goes to school in Calabria's Ciro Marina (Photo: Family archive)

The family is now in the midst of an argument with the Bulgarian authorities. In Italy, where they live, the case was presented as child trafficking by Plamena's parents. In Bulgaria, however, the authorities say the parents have perpetrated a fraud.

The girl, who is blind and unable to walk and speak, has spent most of her life in Bulgarian orphanages. Her parents say they found her thanks to the director of the Kosharitsa home, where Plamena lived together with abandoned and mentally disabled children.

In June 2009, the family took their daughter to the small Calabrian village of Ciro Marina, where they had moved years ago with their two other children.

Plamena was born prematurely and with reported disabilities in Yambol, a Bulgarian town. Her parents, Plamen Matakev and Veselinka Ilieva, say they had been told that the baby had died shortly after birth.

Mr Matakev, who works as a fisherman, told Italian media of his suspicions that his daughter had been put on the black market for child trafficking, but had ended up in an orphanage due to her physical disabilities.

"Plamena was born two months early and weighed just 1.5 kg. She was immediately placed in an incubator. After several days a hospital representative told us the baby had died and we should not go there anymore," Mr Matakev told Bulgarian daily 24 Chasa.

The mother, Ms Ilieva, never received a death certificate. Hospital officials allegedly told her that prematurely born children, who had died before they were 15 days old, were treated as abortion cases.

Officials from the "St. Panteleimon" Hospital in Yambol tell a different story. According to them, Ms Ilieva had signed a declaration consenting to put Plamena up for adoption immediately after her birth.

Ms Ilieva admits that last year she was shown this declaration in Yambol, but argues her signature had been faked. Tanya Dimitrova, a public notary who had certified the authenticity of the declaration at the time, also confirmed its existence and said the document had been filed in her register. "I believe the mother wants to hide something," she told 24 Chasa.

Shortly after her birth, Plamena was sent to an abandoned children facility in her native Yambol, where she lived for eight years before she was moved to the institution for disabled children in the village of Kosharitsa. The home's management confirmed the girl had been living there for two years, although they did not have the original proof of her mother's consent for adoption.

Plamena's parents deny having given up their parental rights in a written declaration. They say they have never seen such a document bearing their authentic signatures.

Mr Matakev is threatening to sue the Bulgarian state for fraud.

In Italy, the family of Plamena will receive two pensions to raise her – one for the child, and the other for a caretaker. The Bulgarian authorities have dismissed the parents' story.

Plamena's health appears to have been neglected during her ten years in state-run homes. Her vision could have been saved, medics say. Retinal transplantation is now the only solution to restore the child's vision.

Upon her arrival to Italy, Plamena, ten years old then, weighed 15 kg and was unable to walk. In just several months, she gained almost 10 kg, and is learning to walk with orthopaedic shoes, which she has had for the first time in her life.

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