Home  

Ghana To Streamline Inter-Country Adoption

Ghana To Streamline Inter-Country Adoption
 
Date: 04-Jun-2012     
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Ghana is to reform its adoption system with the establishment of a Central Authority (CA)at the Department of Social Welfare (DSW) to receive a list of all adoptable children to be entered into a national database.

The CA as part of its mandate would receive all applications for inter-country adoption, enter all eligible applicants for adoption into a register as well as other functions necessary to ensure that the adoption process is carried out in a truthful and transparent manner.

To give impetus to the reforms the DSW has submitted a memorandum to the Ministry of Employment and Social Welfare for onward submission to the Cabinet for approval of the creation of the CA, which would serve as a launch pad for Ghana to sign on to the Hague Convention of Inter-Country Adoption.

Ghana, together with Nigeria, DR Congo, South Africa, Mali, Cote d’ Ivoire, Morocco, Uganda and Burkina Faso are countries in Africa that have high international adoption rates.

Reforming the adoption procedures in the country would ensure a tight up of the eligibility rules to minimise over-seas adoption as pertains in China, South Korea, Russia, Ukraine and Guatemala.

The Director of the DSW, Mr Stephen Adongo, told graphic.com.gh that only 13 African countries had so far ratified the Hague Convention which ratification he explained, provided a safeguard to put an end to the illegal adoption of children.

“In the mean tim,e efforts have been made to clean up the system and maintain standards that would create trust and transparency in the adoption process in Ghana,” he said.

He indicated that the DSW has so far approved the licenses of only three international adoption agencies which he named as Adoption Centrum of Sweden, Bethany Christian Services of the USA and Amici Bambini from Italy.

Those agencies, Mr Adongo said, were successfully selected because they had gone through the required procedure including having a track record in foster care and family re-unification.

He acknowledged with concern the springing up of many illegal adoption agencies in the country since they do not go through any form of licensing, a development which he stressed, would be halted when the new reforms came into effect.

“Some of these illegal agencies do not even have NGO certificates. It has also come to our attention that some of these agencies have been banned from other countries,” Mr Adongo added.

The director cautioned all directors of the DSW nationwide to be cautious with any agency that approached them about issues of adoption, cautioning further that any official of the department who failed to do due diligence on such agencies would be held responsible for any lapse.

A guideline for DSW directors on rules of adoption, according Mr Adongo, were being developed to serve as a guide in the discharge of their duties.

But the Director of Child Rights International, a child-centred organisation based in Ghana, Mr Bright Appiah, in a separate interview expressed his opposition to the idea of Ghana ratifying the Hague Convention of Inter-Country Adoption.

For him, ratifying the convention would be in violation of the Children’s Act of Ghana which clearly provides for the welfare and protection of children.

In his view, there were no mechanisms to monitor the welfare of adopted children locally let alone adopting them internationally which was a more difficult task.

Mr Appiah advised that rather than signing on to the Convention, the government should consider whether or not such a policy was in the interest of Ghana and its children for that matter.

For him developing a local support system to improve the welfare of children was the best way forward “and not joining the league of countries that have ratified the Hague Convention which is not in our children’s interest.”

Reports indicate that international adoptions rose by 400 per cent with Africa being the new frontier for international country adoption.

More than 41,000 African children since 2004 were said to be adopted and taken out of their home countries. More than two-thirds of the number in 2009 and 2010 were adopted from Ethiopia which now sends more children abroad for adoption than any other country.
 
 
 
 
Source: Sebastian Syme/Daily Graphic

Claude Cahn (UN Human Rights Adviser)


Adoption
3.0




Claude Cahn (UN Human Rights Adviser)



15 March 2012 - Plans are underway for the second
revision to Moldova’s rules on adoption in less than two years.  The current
legal framework – an improvement on the previous one – nevertheless has a number
of problematic elements, so the changes will be timely and important.   There is
not yet a vibrant public discussion about how the current rules should change.  
There should be:   this area of law has important implications for questions of
social inclusion and fundamental human rights, questions which are not yet the
subject of sufficient public attention.



Rules on adoption are informed by a number of areas of international
law.  First and foremost is the Convention on the Rights of the Child, with its
core, guiding principle that the best interests of the child are primary.   The
Convention, adopted in 1989, considerably elaborates the original child
protection provisions set out under international law in the International
Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.   In recent years, a global
consensus – expressed in the adoption in 2006 of the Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disability – has invigorated a commitment to end stigma on – and
discrimination against – persons with disabilities, including children. 
Finally, concerns about the exploitation of children in international adoption
led to The Hague Convention on the Protection of Children and Co-operation in
Respect of Inter-Country Adoption, which entered into force in 2008.  



Perspectives on problems in Moldovan adoption vary.  Inter-country
adoption is potentially a window for corruption.  Estimates of “informal”
payments – i.e. those not linked to Hague Convention procedures – tend to run
into a number of thousands of USD per adoption, largely as informal “gifts”.   
Following the legal changes of 2010, which imposed a bar on inter-country
adoption for two years, unless the child was certified as having a problematic
health condition, opened new opportunities for graft by embedding an incentive
for doctors to certify children as unhealthy.   



The corruption element however is overshadowed by a deeper – and
ultimately very troubling one – hinted at above:   the role of perceptions of
health, disease and disability weighing on the system.   A first issue – taken
as given by many of the policy-makers involved in designing the rules – is that
Moldovans do not adopt children with disabilities or health conditions.   A
general presumption of the discussion is that “for the next fifty years,
Moldovans will never accept adopting children with disabilities”.   This view
has, in the very recent past, been embedded in law in the most perverse possible
fashion:  until 2010, children with disabilities were barred by Moldovan law
from being adopted. 



For reasons ultimately mysterious to many involved in the system in
Moldova, Americans and Italians (the two largest categories of people involved
in inter-country adoption in Moldova) are apparently willing to adopt children
with disabilities.   From this fact follows a key assumption guiding the current
revision of the law, the logic of which appears to be approximately the
following: “If Moldovans will not adopt children with disabilities, but crazy
foreigners will, then the key to the reform should be to facilitate the
possibility for foreigners to adopt children with disabilities and other
‘unhealthy children’ (so they at least can have some sort of positive life
elsewhere).   At the same time (the same theory continues), Moldovans will be
outbid by foreigners in the bribery competition for ‘healthy children’, so
protective measures should be included in the law to make sure that Moldovans
get first pick of ‘healthy children’”.    Hence the new proposal:  children may
be eligible for inter-country adoption after only one year (as compared to the
current two years), but “special needs” children – including children with
disabilities, older children, and others  -- may be released for inter-country
adoption within six months.



This discussion – together with its troubling presumptions -- now
threatens to go to Parliament, as well as to be broadcast into the public
space.    It is a discussion which can degrade the already troubling treatment
of persons with disabilities, who occupy a stigmatized and pariah category, in
many cases fully excluded from mainstream Moldovan society.  Its underlying
message invigorates a vision of children with special needs as, in the final
analysis, at best meriting pity, and in no case enjoying equal dignity.



Moldovan lawmakers have done a good job of improving the legal regime
surrounding adoption in recent years. The ambition of the current rules is Hague
Convention compliance, and Moldova has moved steadily in that direction, in
particular by setting out rules to combat the real dangers of exploitation of
children in inter-country adoption.   At the same time, the lawmaker has removed
Soviet-era bans on the adoption of children with disabilities, and the new
proposals would further remove a number of medical and psychological
contraindications to adoption which should have no place in law in a democratic
society.   Further work can still be done for example to improve recognition of
documents from other Hague Convention states parties, and to reduce arbitrary
steps unrelated to the best interests of the child.



These improvements should not be purchased, however, at the price of
amplifying the stigma on disability and disease currently so prevalent.  
Moldova is owed a serious discussion on the rights of all children to be raised
in a loving family environment.    Above all, this discussion should be aimed at
significantly reducing the stigma on persons with disabilities, and with it to
encourage local, in-country adoption of all kinds of children.    It should also
be coupled with public recognition that inter-country adoption is a better
option than long periods in institutional care, provided that all safeguards are
in place to ensure the best interests of the child in an inter-country
context.


   
The task at hand in the current legal reform is therefore at least
two-fold: (1) improve law and procedures to better secure the best interests of
the child in the context of national and inter-country adoption; (2) advance
public discussion to reduce the stigma on persons with disabilities.  All have
an interest in ensuring that children can benefit from being raised in a loving
family environment, wherever possible.

Struggle to adopt girl suddenly eases

Sunday, June 3, 2012

Struggle to adopt girl suddenly eases

BY WAYNE GREENE - Tulsa World

TULSA — In Christian theology, Grace is the unearned assistance of God — the divine reaching into the human world to set things right.

In Nancy Baney’s house, Grace is the skinny little brown-eyed toddler — fast approaching her third birthday, eating cereal with her big plastic spoon and drinking milk from a sippy cup.

A JOURNEY OF HOPE IN VIETNAM.(Lifestyles/Spotlight)

A JOURNEY OF HOPE IN VIETNAM.(Lifestyles/Spotlight)

Rocky Mountain News (Denver, CO)

Rocky Mountain News (Denver, CO)

July 13, 2000 | Wolf, Mark

 

International case of missing orphan has local ties

International case of missing orphan has local ties

            Author:  Jaccii Farris, Reporter, jaccii.farris@wfmz.com
Published On: Jun 02 2012 03:17:23 PM EDT Updated On: Jun 02 2012 03:18:44
Local officials investigating taking of girl from orphanage

 

Is it a case of kidnapping or an international custody dispute?

Is it a case of kidnapping or an international custody dispute?

In 2011, 69 News was there as a group of Lehigh Valley residents arrived in earthquake ravaged Haiti to help rebuild an orphanage.  Now one of the orphans is missing, and a battle to get her back is beginning right here.

Where is 6 year old July Angela?

It's a question Mercy Village Home officials in Port-au-Prince Haiti and its board members here in the Lehigh Valley have been asking for a week.

Last Friday, Mercy Village says July was forcibly taken from this home in Port-au-Prince.

To give you a little background..

Mercy Village, formerly Rescue Children Orphanage, was founded in 2005 by a woman named Lynda Morrison of South Carolina.

In 2009, Morrison gave the orphange to Ramon Crespo.

The orphanage was featured in two documentaries and several 69 News reports following the 2010 earthquake.

In recent months, Lynda Morrison has contacted 69 News with concerns about Mercy Village, saying "These kids need help, they need to be rescued."

Fast forward to last Friday.

Mercy Village officials say Morrison showed up with several men.  One claiming to be a judge and another claiming to be a police officer. Morrison produced what Mercy Village officials say were false documents and forcibly removed July.

Congressman Charlie Dent's office confirms it worked to prevent Morrison from taking July out of the country.

Morrison referred 69 News to her attorney in Haiti, but would not comment further. Her attorney could not be reached for comment.

"We really want to know where July is, we want to bring July back to her home. And then from there whatever the discussion can be done, it should be done from there," said Board member Dr. Iqbal Sorathia.

Sorathia says Mercy Village has filed charges in Port-au-Prince and the United Nations could file charges against Lynda Morrison.

But all Mercy Village really wants is for July to come home.

(The original version of this story contained an error pertaining to the ownership of Mercy Village Orphanage. The orphanage is directly owned by Ramon Crespo. LifeChurch of Allentown has provided funding for the orphanage in the past, but has never been the owner or operator.)

Sex slaves for sale

Sex slaves for sale

New African

New African

December 1, 1999 | Kiggundu, Cecilia Elberse

 

NGO FUNDING ROW: Groups accused of inciting poor

Home » Publications » International newspapers and newswires » Asian newspapers » The Nation (Thailand) » May 2003 »

Recently viewed: Article: Briton faces orphan trafficking and sex charges.

 

    Save

    Export

Aid director found dead

Aid director found dead

The Irish Times

The Irish Times

November 24, 1995

 

India: Adoption Tales

India: Adoption Tales


   
   

       

            Women's Feature Service
           
             
                   
       
       
       
September 19, 2005 | Anonymous

   




   
       
       

       
       
                   

            
                   
            
                   
            

       

       
       
       


   
    

               

                   

New Delhi,(Women's Feature
Service) - When Vinita Bhargava thought about adopting a child 16 years
ago, she faced stiff opposition - not from her  family or her in-laws,
but from her own self. She wondered whether she  would be able to love
someone else's child as her own.


Not many people understood why Bhargava adopted a child, especially
since  she already had a child of her own. Relatives wanted to know
whether there  was a difference in her love for her biological son and
adopted daughter.  It was queries like these and a myriad issues related
to adoption that  prompted Bhargava, Head of the Child Development Department, Lady Irwin  College, New Delhi, to wonder why adoption was such a touchy issue.


The book, `Adoption in India: Policies and
Experiences' was born out this  curiosity. Recently published by Sage
Publications, the book combines  academia well with stories of parents
and adopted children and their trials  and tribulations. By examining
some of the issues that impinge upon the  development of an adopted
child in the socio-economic and cultural context,  this book is able to
provide answers to several doubts that arise in the  minds of potential
parents of adopted children.


"The whole book has been a journey of love for me. I think what
every  parent wants to know is whether they have succeeded in becoming
good  parents. The biggest indication of this is whether or not the
child is  happy in being a part of the family. If the answer to this
question is yes,  then, as parents, we've done what we set out to do.
But the answer is not  always in the affirmative. Adopted children may
not always adjust or the  parents may not be able to fully accept the
adopted child," says Bhargava.


Adoption has always been considered a wonderful opportunity
to give a child  a home and parents a child. Statistics show that there
has been a five-fold  increase in adoptions in India in a period
of 15 years. However, despite  the rise in the number of adoptions from a
mere 398 in-country adoptions in  1988 to 1949 adoptions in 2003, the
practice has been shrouded in secrecy.


Bhargava, who researched 53 families, revealed that it was difficult
to  convince many parents of adopted children to narrate their stories
or get  permission to speak to the children. One of the primary reasons
for this is  fear of intrusion by an outsider who could stir a hornet's
nest with  insensitive questioning. This was especially so in cases
where parents had  not yet revealed the adoptive status to their
children. But Bhargava's  status as an adoptive parent opened doors for
her and enabled her to  understand the various dimensions of adoption from the viewpoint of a  social scientist.


Another reason for parental wish for confidentiality stems from a
lack of  supportive documentation to address dilemmas like whether
heredity is more  important than environment. This is because the
subject of adoption has not  been considered important enough for in-depth research in India. However,  the theme of adoption has been a popular subject for films and television,  both of which are powerful instruments of information and misinformation.


Bhargava discovered during her study that more than positive and sensitive  portrayals of adoption,
potential parents tend to remember Hindi feature  films where heredity
problems cannot be overcome by a change of  environment. Parents often
quote the popular film theme of child of a crook  being switched with a
child of a police officer. Here, the child of a  crook, despite being
raised by a police officer, retains criminal  tendencies. The police
officer's child, on the other hand, despite being  raised by a crook, is
honest and law-abiding.


Nevertheless, more couples are coming forward to adopt children. A
close  look at the data on adoptive parents reveals that inability to
have  biological children leads to adoption. It is primarily the
woman's need for  a child that initiates a search. The desire of men to
adopt is rare.  Loneliness, a lack of purpose, the fear of old age
without children are the  reasons given for wanting a child.


Bhargava found during her research that more couples are opting to
adopt  from outside the family. As one of the women interviewed by
Bhargava said,  "My mother-in-law was very keen that I adopt my
sister-in-law's child.  There was a lot of pressure from relatives to
adopt this child. I did not  want to adopt from relatives because they
would always have control over  the child."


But most people who walk into an agency with the notion that several
  children would be shown to them for them to choose are shocked when
only  one child is shown. The agency makes them fill registration forms
stating  their preferences in terms of age, sex and health of a child.
The task of  matching a child with the family is done by the agency.


But this procedure leads to greater tension. According to an
adoptive  parent, they have to continually prove to others that they are
good  parents. Starting from the home study that an agency does; the
certificates  they have to submit; the appearance in court; and all
through the period of  child care - they feel as if they are being
watched and judged on tasks  other parents take for granted and need not
worry about.


This worry apart, even if the agency manages to match a child with
respect  to the preferences stated by the adoptive parents,
compatibility is not  guaranteed. In fact, disclosure of the adoptive
status of the child  sometimes creates great friction and conflict.
Desire to hunt for their  biological parents or a sense of loss is a
natural outcome once children  are told they are adopted. But how do
parents come to terms with these  disturbing developments? What about
the adopted children? How do they cope?  What role can an extended
family or the school play?


These are some of the questions that Bhargava tackles sensitively
with  narratives of adopted children and their parent. By bringing these
fears  out in the open, the book will help other despairing parents
understand  that they were not only ones facing difficult choices. She
also points to  solutions by way of counselling for parents before and
after adoption. Peer  counselling for adopted children and the
formation of support groups of  adoptive parents can also redress some
of the problems.


Over the last decade, although the male child is still preferred,
the  number of families that have registered for a baby girl has gone
up.  Couples who want a male child have to wait for three to four years
while  the waiting period for families who prefer girls is no more than
six  months. However, the notion that fair is beautiful and fair is
class has  impeded the adoption of dark complexioned babies or
those who have flat  noses in the belief that these babies were born to
parents of an inferior  caste and class.


Article Copyright Women's Feature Service.


Pair to return favor at hospital in India


   

Pair to return favor at hospital in India


   
   

       

            The Spokesman-Review (Spokane, WA)
           
             
                   
       
       
       
March 23, 2003 | Cynthia Taggart

   


   
       
       

       
       
                   

            
                   
            
                   
            

       

       
       
       


   
    

               


                   

RANI SUTLIFF KNOWS she can salvage a life, and she can't wait to
try.


She wants to hold an abandoned infant close and let it feel her
life. She wants to hand a struggling baby to the eager parents
adopting it and savor the moment a loving family is born.


She wants to help the way strangers   helped her after her
biological mother relinquished her in Calcutta, India, 19 years ago.
So Rani plans to head to India next year with her mother, Linda
Sutliff, who also was adopted in India.


"I think it'd be neat if I can volunteer where somebody helped
me," Rani says.


Mother and daughter want to help for three months at the
International Mission of Hope hospital, where Rani was born and
lived the first two months of her life. Then, Linda wants to show
Rani the British orphanage and school in northern India where Linda
and her brother Michael spent childhood.


"I've been looking to go back," Linda says. "I just need to go
back."


Linda left India in 1958 with her new Midwestern mother, and
never returned. Linda believes her biological Indian mother either
died during childbirth or was institutionalized. Her father was a
British railroad engineer who worked for the British Broadcasting
Corp.


He put Linda and Michael, 16 months older than his sister, in a
British-run orphanage with 64 children. The orphanage catered to
upscale merchants. Linda was raised on the King's English and
manners at the foothills of the Himalayas. She wore uniforms but no
shoes, and she lived in a cottage with one other girl. She saw
Michael on Sundays.


Ida Hildibrand, a home economics specialist from Kansas, decided
in the early 1950s to help the world situation by adopting children.
Ida was single and well-intentioned but not really nurturing. She
worked for the U.S. government sharing her home economics skills in
India and East Pakistan.


Ida wanted two children and preferred a brother and sister. She
met Linda and Michael in 1956 at their British orphanage. They were
12 and 13 and fit her plan. She took them out of school and dressed
them in tailor-made brown corduroy outfits with shoes. They were
shocked.


"We had never worn shoes," Linda says.


They also had walked everywhere. Ida traveled in a Land Rover.
The car's motion sickened Linda.


Before taking off permanently with Ida, Linda and Michael spent
Christmas with their father in Calcutta. They hardly knew him. He
approved of their adoption because he wanted them well cared for.


"We all agreed we could part," Linda says.


Ida expected gratitude but Linda and Michael were rebellious
young teens. They hated shoes. Linda cut up her clothes. They didn't
understand a mother; they'd experienced house mothers and teachers.
They attached themselves to Ida's servants.


"We felt like we were on display, and we got tired of it," Linda
says.


Ida put them in Indian schools, but Linda and Michael spoke
English. They'd studied Bengali and Hindi like American students
study French and German. They lasted two weeks at the school, then
Ida put them in an American boarding school.


"We learned slang, ate watermelon, heard radio, had hot dogs,"
Linda says.


They stayed a year and a half while Ida traveled. She took them
to the United States via Japan and Hong Kong in 1958, but she
continued to travel. Linda and Michael stayed with Ida's second
cousins.


"It was hard for her (Ida). Our personalities were in place,"
Linda says. "We were kind of hellions. She always thought there was
something wrong with us. We didn't fit in."


Life with Ida took Linda and Michael to Kansas, San Francisco,
Hawaii and Idaho for months at a time. Linda graduated high school
in Montpelier, Idaho, worked with Ida on a Navajo reservation in
Arizona, then started Idaho State University's nursing program.


She met Jerry Sutliff, a pharmacy student, at school. They
eventually married and settled in the Inland Northwest in 1973.
Linda worked as as critical care nurse at Valley Hospital. Jerry was
a pharmacist at Modern Drug in Coeur d'Alene. They wanted children,
but had no luck on their own. So they adopted in 1977.


Baby Erica's biological mother was an unmarried teenager who
wanted a good home for her baby. Linda was determined to be her
"Earth Mother."


But, "I wasn't," she says. "I had no role model."


Linda's skills evolved with Jerry's help. He was a natural father
who had grown up with four sisters. By the time Erica was ready for
preschool, Linda loved her role as mother. The Sutliffs decided to
adopt another child.


In-country adoptions were taking years, so Linda and Jerry
decided on international adoption. India was the only country they
considered.


The Washington Association of Christian Adoptive Parents
connected the Sutliffs with the International Mission of Hope in
Calcutta. Linda requested a baby girl with no irreversible health
problems. She wanted to name her Rani, which means queen.


Rani was born at the mission's hospital and needed a complete
blood transfusion. She had intestinal parasites that took two months
to overcome. Her mother signed release forms right after giving
birth and left without sharing her name.


An off-duty flight attendant accompanied 2-month-old Rani in July
1983 from Calcutta to Seattle to meet her new family. Linda and
Erica immediately took Rani into the airport bathroom, undressed her
and studied their new treasure.


"She was a little brown stick, all hair," Linda says, chuckling.
"She grew into the healthiest of all of us."


Unlike Linda, Rani and Erica spent their childhoods in a close
family that stayed in one place. Jerry died from coronary artery
disease when Rani was 2. Linda raised her girls just north of
Rathdrum. Rani learned about India from the movie "Gandhi."


"Mom forgets she's gone everywhere, and I haven't," Rani says.
She is attending North Idaho College this year. Erica is married
with a new daughter, Serena.


Linda recently heard about organized trips to volunteer in India
through a Seattle University student who's going this year. Linda
wants to go and wants to take Rani with her.  Rani is ready.


"I don't know what to expect, but it doesn't scare me at all,"
Rani says. People often assume she's from India by her looks and she
worries the same may happen when she's in India. "I could be
mistaken for knowing things I don't know."


The Sutliffs need at least a year to arrange work schedules and
raise money. Linda, now a recovery room nurse at Kootenai Medical
Center, hopes to collect donations of medical supplies to take
along. She wants to work in a hospital that restores hope for babies
in hopeless situations.


Rani wants to see where her life began and help find promising
futures for babies just like her.


"I always wanted to go to India when I was older," she says. "And
I want to adopt when I have children."