Romania has banned the adoption of its children by families in other countries, except in very limited circumstances.
The vote by MPs to approve the bill passed by the upper house two months ago bows to the EU's demand that the lucrative trade in children should be stamped out, and defies pressure from the US for regulated foreign adoption.
The ban, which will take effect at the beginning of next year, replaces a moratorium on foreign adoptions imposed three years ago but widely ignored.
The US ambassador, Michael Guest, has been crusading for months to have the moratorium rescinded.
US Congress members have been piling on the pressure, US lobby groups have been seeking to influence the government, and would-be adoptive parents in the US have been advertising in the Romanian press, pleading to be granted the opportunity to adopt Romanian children.