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Wereldkinderen: Het adoptiedossier

A record has been kept of all mediations that took place through Wereldkinderen. This file may contain copies of all papers and documents released at the time of adoption. The adoptive parents received the original documents with the transfer. If the adoptive parents have sent copies of these documents to Wereldkinderen, a complete shadow file has been preserved. The file contains in any case documents that relate to the adoption application that the adoptive parents have made and possibly copies of documents of the adoption. The right to inspect only applies to these latter documents. Not for the part that concerns the adoption application. It is not clear in advance whether there is much to be found in the file. If you know the original documents that your adoptive parents have in their possession, requesting your file does not provide any new information. Also keep in mind that the copies are often of poor quality because the documents are old.

Request file It is always possible to request a copy of your file. What do we need for that? copy of a valid proof of identity of adoptive parents or adopted person your original name, from which country you were adopted and when the surnames of your adoptive father and adoptive mother (maiden name)     your name and address details where we can send the invoice and copies You can send this information by email to: info@wereldkinderen.nl, stating 'request file from the archive'. You will then receive an invoice. We charge 25 euros for each file. After receiving your payment we will request your file from the external archive and you will receive the copies.

Frequently Asked Questions Ad options from the 70s and 80s In the 70s and 80s, Wereldkinderen (or a predecessor as Bureau Intercountry Adoption) mediated in adoptions from Bangladesh, Colombia, Thailand, Philippines, India, South Korea, Brazil, Sri Lanka and others. There are sometimes questions about these adoptions, or there is uncertainty in or about files. It is complicated for many adopted people to find information about biological family. Wereldkinderen wants to assist with that wherever possible; we think it is important that adopters have the opportunity to know as much as possible about their adoption, while not losing sight of the importance of the biological family. What does Wereldkinderen know about these files? Files from thirty to forty years ago are, in contrast to the current ones, very brief. And sometimes things are wrong. We often have the same limited information and it is not always possible to contact a contact person in the countries of origin. But we share the information we have with the adopted people themselves. Access to file Files are kept for 50 years in a centrally managed archive. Further on this page you can find what information we need to provide a copy of your own file. For privacy reasons, we do not share adoption files with others than parents and children. Reports of (roots) travel, letters and general information about a country are, under certain conditions, accessible for organizations that want to do research, for example.

Research into background and context To supplement the summary information and to gain more insight into the context of adoptions, we have started a project with other parties in the adoption chain. Contacts, permit holders, former administrators and adoptive parents are interviewed and research is being conducted into the working method for adoption in a number of countries, in the period before 2000. Procedures and customs in the sending countries are part of the project. We also look at the position of women in these countries and at the social and cultural backgrounds of that time. We hope to be able to provide a more complete picture of the adoption stories. How did World Children act in those days? As far as we can ascertain in the files, Wereldkinderen acted according to the procedures that applied at that time. For example, it was then also the course of action not to separate brothers and sisters. At the same time, we know that this has happened, against all intentions. When that became clear, action was taken on this. Ad options from certain countries were also discontinued or adjusted if there were doubts about the procedures. Do you want contact about your personal file? That is possible by sending an email to Ellen ten Bloemendal, via info@wereldkinderen.nl. Who can I contact if I have questions about my file? Do you want contact about your personal file? That is possible by sending an email to Ellen ten Bloemendal, via info@wereldkinderen.nl.

Dutch:


Van alle bemiddelingen die via Wereldkinderen zijn verlopen, is een dossier bewaard.

Dit dossier kan kopieën van alle papieren en documenten bevatten die bij de adoptie zijn vrijgegeven. De originele documenten hebben de adoptieouders bij de overdracht ontvangen. Als de adoptieouders kopieën van deze documenten naar Wereldkinderen hebben toegestuurd is er een volledig schaduwdossier bewaard gebleven. 


Het dossier bevat in elk geval documenten die betrekking hebben op de adoptieaanvraag die de adoptieouders hebben gedaan en eventueel kopieën van documenten van de adoptie.
Alleen voor deze laatste documenten geldt het recht op inzage. Voor het gedeelte dat over de adoptieaanvraag gaat niet. 


Het is vooraf niet duidelijk te bepalen of er veel in het dossier te vinden is. Als u de originele documenten kent die uw adoptieouders in hun bezit hebben, levert het opvragen van uw dossier geen nieuwe informatie op. Houd er ook rekening mee dat de kopieën vaak van slechte kwaliteit zijn, omdat de documenten oud zijn. 

Opvragen dossier

Het is altijd mogelijk een kopie van uw dossier op te vragen.

Wat hebben we daar voor nodig?

  • kopie van een geldig legitimatiebewijs van adoptieouders of geadopteerde
  • uw oorspronkelijke naam, uit welk land u bent geadopteerd en wanneer
  • de achternamen van uw adoptievader en adoptiemoeder (meisjesnaam)
  • uw naam en de adresgegevens waar we de factuur en de kopieën naartoe kunnen sturen

Deze gegevens kunt u per email sturen naar: info@wereldkinderen.nl, onder vermelding van 'opvragen dossier uit het archief'. Hierna krijgt u een factuur toegestuurd. Per dossier brengen we 25 euro onkosten in rekening. Na ontvangst van uw betaling vragen wij uw dossier op uit het externe archief en ontvangt u de kopieën. 

13.000 dossiers in veilige handen
13.000 dossiers in veilige handen
Veelgestelde vragen
Adopties uit de jaren 70 en 80

In de jaren 70 en 80 heeft Wereldkinderen (of een voorganger als Bureau Interlandelijke Adoptie) bemiddeld bij adopties uit onder andere Bangladesh, Colombia, Thailand, Filippijnen, India, Zuid-Korea, Brazilië, Sri Lanka. Over deze adopties bestaan soms vragen, of er is onduidelijkheid in of over dossiers. 
Het is voor veel geadopteerden ingewikkeld om informatie over biologische familie te vinden. Wereldkinderen wil daar bij assisteren waar mogelijk; we vinden het belangrijk dat geadopteerden de mogelijkheid hebben om zoveel mogelijk te kunnen weten over hun adoptie, waarbij we het belang van de biologische familie niet uit het oog verliezen.

Wat weet Wereldkinderen over deze dossiers?
Dossiers van dertig tot veertig jaar geleden zijn, in tegenstelling tot de huidige dossiers, zeer summier. En soms kloppen er zaken niet. 
Wij hebben vaak dezelfde, beperkte informatie en er is niet altijd meer een contactpersoon in de landen van herkomst te benaderen. Maar de informatie die we hebben delen we met geadopteerden zelf.

Inzage in dossier
Dossiers worden 50 jaar bewaard, in een centraal geleid archief. Verderop op deze pagina kun je vinden welke informatie we nodig hebben om een kopie van je eigen dossier te kunnen geven . 

Uit privacyredenen delen we adoptiedossiers niet met anderen dan ouders en kinderen. Verslagen van (roots)reizen, brieven en algemene informatie over een land zijn onder bepaalde voorwaarden wel inzichtelijk voor organisaties die bijvoorbeeld onderzoek willen doen.

Onderzoek naar achtergrond en context
Om de summiere informatie aan te vullen en meer beeld te krijgen bij de context van adopties, zijn we met andere partijen in de adoptieketen een project gestart. Contactpersonen, vergunninghouders, oud-bestuurders en adoptieouders worden geïnterviewd en er wordt onderzoek gedaan naar de werkwijze rondom adoptie in een aantal landen, in de periode voor 2000. Procedures en gebruiken in de zendende landen zijn onderdeel van het project. Ook wordt er gekeken naar de positie van vrouwen in deze landen en naar de sociale en culturele achtergronden in die tijd. We hopen hiermee een completer beeld te kunnen geven van de adoptieverhalen.

Hoe handelde Wereldkinderen in die tijd?
Voor zover wij in de dossiers kunnen nagaan heeft Wereldkinderen gehandeld volgens de procedures die in die tijd golden. Het was bijvoorbeeld ook toen de handelswijze om broertjes en zusjes niet te scheiden. Tegelijkertijd weten we dat dit wel is voorgekomen, tegen alle bedoelingen in. Toen dat duidelijk werd is daar actie op ondernomen. Adopties uit bepaalde landen zijn ook stopgezet of aangepast, als er twijfels waren over de procedures.

Wil je contact over jouw persoonlijke dossier? Dat kan door een mail te sturen naar Ellen ten Bloemendal, via info@wereldkinderen.nl. 

Bij wie kan ik terecht met vragen over mijn dossier?
Wilt u contact over uw persoonlijke dossier? Dat kan door een mail te sturen naar Ellen ten Bloemendal, via info@wereldkinderen.nl.

Project Historie en Roots


Project History and Roots Context international adoption 1970-2000 per country Wereldkinderen mediates for intercountry adoptions since 1971. There is great interest in the way in which past adoptions were made, but knowledge about the context and procedures for past adoptions is limited and spread. Much of this knowledge is lost over the years if it is not documented. That is why Wereldkinderen started the History and Roots project in 2017 to collect the available information.   Approach A report per country from which more than 200 children have been adopted to the Netherlands describes the social, economic and cultural context at the time of the adoptions in the period 1970-2000. Specific adoption procedures and legislation in these countries are also discussed. The information has been collected with the help of archive and literature research and through interviews with former administrators, contacts abroad (former employees of adoption organizations and other stakeholders).   We are well aware that this does not answer all questions. For example, it is not always possible to trace a contact person abroad. And the information is from general nature, the reports do not address individual situations. With this publication we hope to record the available knowledge about context and procedures for the future.

Dutch:

Project Historie en Roots

Context interlandelijke adoptie 1970-2000 per land

Wereldkinderen bemiddelt voor interlandelijke adopties sinds 1971. Er is grote belangstelling voor de manier waarop adopties in het verleden gedaan werden, maar de kennis over de context van en procedures voor adopties in het verleden is beperkt en verspreid. Veel van deze kennis gaat in de loop der jaren verloren als deze niet wordt gedocumenteerd. Wereldkinderen is daarom in 2017 begonnen met het project Historie en Roots, om de beschikbare informatie te verzamelen.

 

Aanpak

In een rapport per land waaruit meer dan 200 kinderen zijn geadopteerd naar Nederland wordt de sociale, economische en culturele context ten tijde van de adopties in de periode 1970-2000 beschreven. Ook wordt ingegaan op specifieke adoptieprocedures en -wetgeving in deze landen.

De informatie is verzameld met behulp van archief- en literatuuronderzoek en door middel van interviews met oud-bestuurders, contactpersonen in het buitenland, (oud-medewerkers van adoptieorganisaties en overige betrokkenen.

 

We realiseren ons goed dat hiermee niet alle vragen worden beantwoord. Er is bijvoorbeeld niet altijd meer een contactpersoon in het buitenland te traceren. En de informatie is van

algemene aard, de rapporten gaan niet in op individuele situaties. Wel hopen we met deze publicatie de beschikbare kennis over context en procedures vast te leggen voor de toekomst.

Wereldkinderen: Adopties uit Bangladesh 1970 - 1983

Shareable Link: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1BsQyBbcfZQPNBcP9ZlhxgjSeue-PRHts

Signing Hague Convention: implication and challenges for Korea

By Jane Jeong Trenka and David Smolin The Korean minister of health and welfare on Friday signed the Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption, setting the stage for the Convention's subsequent ratification and implementation.This is a welcome development, and the government should be applauded. If the Hague Convention is ratified and properly implemented in Korea, it can improve the child welfare situation in at least four different ways. First, the convention's principle of subsidiarity dictates that the best choice for a child is to stay within his/her own family; the second choice is domestic adoption; and the last choice should be inter-country adoption. The government should prepare for ratification by expanding support for Korean single mothers through public transfer and also by enforcing child support by fathers. If the government does not do so, proponents of children's rights and human rights will have an additional tool for seeking governmental accountability. Secondly, the Hague Convention dictates there should be no improper financial gain by adoption agencies and others involved in adoption. In order to ensure this, the Korean government should annually audit the agencies and publicize the results. In addition, it government should require a strict accounting of the financial aspects of each adoption, as well as institute controls on the financial aspects of adoption to ensure that there is no improper financial incentive toward inter-country adoption in the system. The principle of financial limits is designed to safeguard the principle of subsidiarity. If money is spent, it should be spent in support of families keeping children, not in support of inter-country adoption. Thirdly, if the Hague Convention is properly implemented, some long-standing problems of Korean adoption should be alleviated. The central authority must be satisfied that a child is adoptable and produce documentation about the child, including information on the child's identity. If this is properly implemented, this should help to resolve the problem of the voluntary birth reporting system in Korea, which has no administrative connection to either national health insurance or the hospitals. This voluntary birth report opens the risk of child laundering, as demonstrated by the estimated 3,000 children who have been illegally registered as the biological children of their adoptive parents every year.

Argentina rights organization identifies adopted son of couple disappeared during brutal 1976-1983 military dictatorship

Recovering my identity is for me a tribute to my parents,' Darroux Mijalchuk said at a press conference

Javier Matias Mijalchuk Darroux, the 130th grandson found after being stolen and illegally adopted during the last military regime (1976-1983), speaks next to an image depicting his mother, Elena Mijalchuk, during a press conference at Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo (Grandmothers of Plaza de Mayo) human rights organization headquarters in Buenos Aires, June 13, 2019.EMILIANO LASALVIA/AFP/Getty Images

BUENOS AIRES — Argentine human rights group Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo divulged the identity on Thursday of the son of a couple disappeared during the nation’s brutal 1976 to 1983 military dictatorship.

With the discovery, the organization, which works to identify children of dissidents who were killed by Argentina’s government and reconnect them with their relatives, says it has now identified some 130 sons and daughters who were separated from their parents.

Human rights groups estimate that about 30,000 people were killed by Argentina’s military government, many of them tortured beforehand. Most were students, union leaders or dissidents who were murdered for their political beliefs.

In some cases, young children of the murdered were put up for adoption and were never told of their biological parents.

Javier Matías Darroux Mijalchuk, who was born in 1977, told reporters on Thursday that he knew he was adopted, but did not know who his parents were or the circumstances of his adoption, as he was only a few months old when his biological parents were taken by government forces.

While he said he felt comfortable with his adopted family, he began to suspect as an adult that he may have been the child of disappeared dissidents. That led him to seek out The Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo, whose members confirmed his suspicion.

“Recovering my identity is for me a tribute to my parents,” Darroux Mijalchuk said at a press conference.

He thanked his biological uncle, Roberto Mijalchuk, who he said had searched for him for 40 years. He said he will now seek to learn the fate of his parents, who were disappeared in 1977, and to find the biological sister he suspects he may have.

It is widely believed that there are still hundreds of adopted children of dissidents who still have not been identified. Efforts by The Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo to identify the children of the disappeared have been helped in recent years by advances in DNA technology.

— Reporting by Miguel Lo Bianco; writing by Gram Slattery Editing by Susan Thomas

SC: NOC mandatory from receiving country for inter-country adoption

The on Friday ruled that a can adopt a child from only after acquiring NOC (No Objection Certificate) from the diplomatic mission of that country in

Karina Jane Creed, an Australian national residing in for the past four years, moved the apex court seeking a direction to (CARA) to issue NOC for adoption of two female siblings.

Karina claimed in 2016 CARA has already registered and processed her application, but refused to issue, thereafter, she began visiting the children and they identify her as their mother.

Gaurang Kanth, representing CARA, vehemently opposed Karina's claim stating that she has adopted a short-cut by moving the court instead of acquiring an NOC from Australian authorities.

"India and are signatories of the Hague Convention, which aims to ensure best interests of the child, and it against trafficking. NOC from the receiving foreign country is mandatory as per the guidelines of the convention. If it is breached then it has larger ramifications especially related to the security of the child," said Kanth in a counter to Karina's petition.

A vacation bench comprising Justices and queried Karina's on the measures she has taken to avail visas for the children if adoption is completed.

Karina's replied that the Australian authorities have issued a letter, but could not clarify if it would be sufficient to avail the visa.

Kanth countered that Karina has been residing in India for past four years, as a consequence, the Australian authorities could not conduct a home study report regarding her eligibility to adopt children.

"The foreign country has to prepare a home study report of the prospective adoptive parents and upon finding them eligible sponsor their application to CARA for adoption of a child from India," Kanth submitted before the court.

Upholding Kanth's argument, the court said, "A or a person of Indian origin or an overseas citizen of India who has habitual residence in India can apply for adoption of a child from India to CARA along with from the diplomatic mission of his country in India."

Then, the court queried Karina on a specific issue, "After the expiry of your visa in India, how do you propose to ensure travel for the adopted children to What is the surety that will recognise these children as part of your family and issue the visa?"

Her could not answer the query to the court's satisfaction. Karina initially filed a petition in the Delhi High Court, which was dismissed, and then she challenged it in the top court.

According to the Article 5 of the Hague Convention, the receiving country has to determine if the prospective parents are eligible and suited to adopt, ensure the prospective parents have been counseled and the child will be authorised to enter and reside permanently in the country.

Kanth argued that Karina's petition failed to confer with this article.

Though, Kanth contended that CARA conducted a home-study regarding Karin's eligibility as a prospective parent and she fared well. "Then, we allowed her to establish contact with the children, who are based in She met them many times and produced pictures with children establishing the bond," said Kanth.

The court observed that Karina has attached pictures in her petition and "it appears that the petitioner has built up a bond with the children who have also become very fond of the petitioner. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner submits that the children know the petitioner as their mother. Admittedly, however, the children are not in pre-adoption foster care of the petitioner."

Dismissing Karina's petition the court noted that although it has sympathy for her, "but regret our inability to help her."

(can be contacted at sumit.s@ians.in)

History of CRIN

History of CRIN

Introduction

The preparatory phase of CRIN dates back to 1991, before the Committee on the Rights of the Child ever convened its first session. At this time experts from child rights organisations – including UNICEF Geneva Regional Office, UNICEF New York, Defence for Children International (DCI), and Save the Children Sweden – were already asking what would happen with information generated through the reporting process of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The group muddled over questions including: 'What would happen with the information?', and 'What would be the documentation handling process?' The group met on numerous occasions and visited the OHCHR Documentation Centre to see how the documentation system was organised (at that time Microfiche was used), and UNICEF Geneva's information resource section.

To its present day, the development of CRIN has seen a move from Geneva to London; and a move from an informal Facilitating Group (which consisted of a group of international NGOs with UNICEF) to a formally structured management team. It is now a viable information network that includes over 1,200 organisations.

De Kansencirkel, de beste start voor ieder kind

The Opportunity Circle, the best start for every child

In Scotland the development and opportunities of children are central. They focus on an inclusive society and embed this in their legislation, education, the community and in culture. GIRFEC MODEL In 2016, Scotland introduced the concept of "Getting it right for every child" (GIRFEC), to be used in policy development and daily inclusive practice for everyone who works with and around children, young people and their parents. The GIRFEC model forms a framework that is used in youth policy and the development and support of children, their parents, families and schools. In order to see together with the child what is needed to get the best out of his or her development and to offer tools for achieving this. CHANCE CIRCLE The Netherlands Youth Institute developed the Dutch Opportunities Circle in 2018 in collaboration with the Association for Youth and the Tilburg region. Central to the Circle of Opportunities is the well-being and well-being of children to give them the best start in life. This involves working with eight development areas as the basis for children's development. 1. Active 2. Respected 3. Responsible 4. Belonging 5. Safe 6. Healthy 7. Deployment 8. Nurtured To shape the best pedagogical vision and practice together, the Opportunity Circle continues to develop. However, the current version can already be downloaded for use within organizations or teams to work together on an inclusive environment. In the coming year, various young people, parents and professionals will also be working with the Opportunity Circle to make it an even smarter tool. Also want to get started with the Opportunity Circle? Download it here.

Dutch:

Unsere Adoptivkinder aus Bangladesch sind eine riesige Belastung und Enttäuschung

Our adopted children from Bangladesh are a huge burden and disappointment

Anyone who adopts wishes to help children and to provide a good family. But what if the kids refuse, like Ingrid and her husband?


Dear Mrs. Peirano, My husband and I adopted two children (siblings) from chaotic conditions in Bangladesh. The two are already grown up: 23 (boy) and 21 (girl). The children were at adoption 3 and 1. Both children are incredibly problematic. Our son was diagnosed with ADHD, had a lot of conflicts with his teachers and classmates at school, did not abide by the rules and ended up finishing his high school diploma with great difficulty. He takes drugs. Marijuana regularly, harder drugs too, but how much accurate, I can not guess. It always came back to thefts and even smaller burglaries. He did not teach after school. He now works at the gas station, as a courier, bouncer etc.

It was an extremely hard time with him, we were always worried and had problems with him. Nothing was really relaxed. After all, our daughter has graduated from secondary school. But she is mentally ill since the age of 14, suffering from pain all over her body and depression. She has already made a suicide attempt, which has taken us a lot. She then spent three months in psychiatry. She has done her hairdressing and has been taken over. But her boyfriend does not like my husband and me at all. He is very aggressive and goes for thick trousers, is tattooed all over and treats our daughter condescendingly.

I do not like to say it, but my husband and I often wonder if it was the right decision to adopt children and some from abroad. We had the hope to become a real family. But actually our children are alien to us and they burden us. We are constantly on the verge of burnout, I often only wish that I am finally berentet and find peace. I have often been to the cure because of the burden with the children. When I look at the children of our friends, sadness and sometimes envy grabs me. The children of our friends have decent jobs (most academic), have a stable life with nice partners, some have children of their own, and they get along well with their parents. My husband and I have a very burdened relationship with our children and are happy when they do not report for a while and do not get us in trouble. Of course, I also understand our children and I see the difficulties that they got in the cradle. But I also see our disappointed expectations and burst dreams and can not help feeling sorry. And if I take a look into the future, it also looks quite grim, because the grandchildren of our children will certainly bring many problems. So we will be challenged for a lifetime and get back very little for it. I wanted to communicate this so that other parents would not be too naive to adopt. But I also wanted to ask how we can handle our disappointment.

Best regards, Ingrid P.

Dear Ingrid P.,

It has certainly taken a lot of courage and effort to admit that your dream of having a healthy family with children who happily go their own way and with whom you get along well has burst.

They have children who were born into a difficult situation and probably have hard first years of life behind them. They are severely strained, and these burdens are expressed in many symptoms: drug abuse, depression, suicides, difficulties at school, ADHD, and much, much more. So you have to say, that probably your children also burst a lot of dreams, because they did not have much of the basics what they needed, above all, the feeling of being welcome and having parents who lovingly take care of their own needs , You know that this is incredibly important, especially in the first three years of life. Their children have been born into a family in which it was chaotic and in which, for whatever reason, the parents did not want or managed to raise and protect them. This knowledge of not wanting to have parents who do not master their lives is a major blow to children's self-esteem. Even if it only acts subliminally or unconsciously, it has a strong effect on one's own position in life. Because your children can not be proud of their own origins because their own parents were not firmly in the life.

Another factor is that children who are adopted from a different culture and look different from their own will find it harder to identify with the host parents. The contact with one's own parents would certainly be helpful in order to integrate both sides in themselves (the first parents, the origin, the genetics) and the second parents (the family in which one grows up). It helps many adopted children, at least to travel to the country of origin and get to know. But of course this is not without its risks, because people in Bangladesh may not recognize you because you do not speak the language and you do not know the culture, while people in Germany regard you as someone from Bangladesh. It really is not easy, the whole thing. Your children then came into a completely different environment relatively young. Often adopted children come to privileged parents, be it in terms of financial situation, education or success. It sounds like it's the case with you too. The claims made on adoptive children (though not always openly voiced) can generate great pressure and sometimes guilt. Your children will surely have felt that they could not keep up with the children of their friends - this also reinforces the feelings of their own worthlessness. And with your son, that's more in an aggressive direction (even against yourself) while your daughter has become depressed. Overall, your children, like many adopted children, seem to have a serious identity problem. They feel torn.

It is tragic that you apparently could not save your children from this fate, even though you made such an effort. But keep in mind: not only adoptive parents but also biological parents often do not have the children they want. Sometimes a child is the problem child, sometimes several, be it addictive, mental or physical illness, political views, school failure or aggression. It is difficult for parents to accept that, despite all their efforts, they do not always have the power to protect their children and take them on the "right" path. How about you consciously relive this bereavement process and, for example, process your disappointment in a therapy? Maybe talking to other parents whose children did not develop as they wanted? And of course talking to your husband, who probably feels similar. One thing is to allow those feelings and process them. Another thing is to think about realistic limits that you can or should have about your children so you do not waste yourself. I hope that over time you will be able to approach your children and find peace with the situation. Best regards, Julia Peirano

German:

Unsere Adoptivkinder aus Bangladesch sind eine riesige Belastung und Enttäuschung

Wer adoptiert, wünscht sich, Kindern zu helfen und eine gute Familie zu bieten. Doch was, wenn die Kinder das  wie bei Ingrid und ihrem Mann verweigern?

Liebe Frau Peirano,

Mein Mann und ich haben zwei Kinder (Geschwister) aus chaotischen Verhältnissen in Bangladesch adoptiert. Die beiden sind jetzt schon erwachsen: 23 (Junge) und 21 (Mädchen). Die Kinder waren bei der Adoption 3 und 1. Beide Kinder sind irre problematisch. Bei unserem Sohn wurde ADHS festgestellt, er hat in der Schule für viele Konflikte mit den Lehrern und Mitschülern gesorgt, sich nicht an die Regeln gehalten und am Ende mit Mühe und Not seinen Hauptschulabschluss geschafft. 

Er nimmt Drogen. Marihuana regelmäßig, härtere Drogen auch, aber wie viel genau, kann ich nicht abschätzen. Es kam immer wieder zu Diebstählen und sogar kleineren Einbrüchen. Nach der Schule hat er keine Lehre durchgehalten. Er jobbt jetzt an der Tankstelle, als Kurierfahrer, Türsteher etc.

Es war eine extrem harte Zeit mit ihm, ständig hatten wir Sorgen und Probleme mit ihm. Es lief eigentlich nichts entspannt.

Unsere Tochter hat immerhin einen Realschulabschluss geschafft. Aber sie ist seit dem 14. Lebensjahr psychisch krank, leidet unter Schmerzen am ganzen Körper und Depressionen. Einen Suizidversuch hat sie auch schon hinter sich, was uns sehr mitgenommen hat. Sie war daraufhin drei Monate in der Psychiatrie.  Ihre Friseurlehre hat sie geschafft und ist übernommen worden. Aber ihr Freund gefällt meinem Mann und mir überhaupt nicht. Er ist sehr aggressiv und macht auf dicke Hose, ist am ganzen Körper tätowiert und behandelt unsere Tochter herablassend.

Ich sage es nicht gerne, aber mein Mann und ich fragen uns oft, ob es die richtige Entscheidung war, Kinder zu adoptieren, und noch dazu welche aus dem Ausland. Wir hatten die Hoffnung, eine richtige Familie zu werden. Aber eigentlich sind unsere Kinder uns fremd und sie belasten uns. Wir sind ständig am Rande des Burn-Outs, ich wünsche mir oft nur, dass ich endlich berentet bin und meine Ruhe finde. Ich war wegen der Belastung mit den Kindern schon öfter zur Kur. Wenn ich die Kinder unserer Freunde betrachte, packt mich Wehmut und manchmal auch Neid. Die Kinder unserer Freunde haben anständige Berufe (die meisten akademische), haben ein stabiles Leben mit netten Partnern, teils schon eigenen Kindern, und sie verstehen sich gut mit ihren Eltern. Mein Mann und ich haben ein sehr belastetes Verhältnis mit unseren Kindern und sind froh, wenn sie sich mal eine Weile nicht melden und uns nicht in Schwierigkeiten bringen.

Natürlich habe ich auch Verständnis für unsere Kinder und ich sehe die Schwierigkeiten, die sie in die Wiege gelegt bekommen haben. Aber ich sehe auch unsere enttäuschten Erwartungen und geplatzten Träume und kann nicht umhin, mir leid zu tun.

Und wenn ich einen Blick in die Zukunft werfe, sieht es auch recht düster aus, denn die Enkelkinder von unseren Kindern werden mit Sicherheit auch viele Probleme mitbringen. Wir werden also ein Leben lang gefordert werden und bekommen dafür recht wenig zurück.

Ich wollte das mitteilen, damit andere Eltern nicht zu blauäugig an eine Adoption herangehen. Aber ich wollte auch fragen, wie wir mit unserer Enttäuschung umgehen können.

Viele Grüße, Ingrid P.

Liebe Ingrid P.,

Es hat Sie bestimmt viel Mut und Überwindung gekostet, sich einzugestehen, dass Ihr Traum von einer heilen Familie mit Kindern, die glücklich ihren Weg gehen und mit denen Sie sich gut verstehen, geplatzt ist.

Sie haben Kinder, die in eine schwierige Situation hineingeboren wurden und wahrscheinlich harte erste Lebensjahre hinter sich haben. Sie sind davon stark belastet, und diese Belastungen drücken sich in vielerlei Symptomen aus: Drogenmissbrauch, Depressionen, Suizidhandlungen, Schwierigkeiten in der Schule, ADHS, und noch vieles andere.

Also muss man sagen, dass wahrscheinlich auch bei Ihren Kindern viele Träume geplatzt sind, da sie einiges an Basis nicht hatten, was sie gebraucht hätten, vor allen das Gefühl, willkommen zu sein und Eltern zu haben, die sich liebevoll um die eigenen Bedürfnisse kümmern. Sie wissen ja, dass dies insbesondere in den ersten drei Lebensjahren unglaublich wichtig ist.

Ihre Kinder sind in eine Familie hineingeboren worden, in der es chaotisch zuging und in der die Eltern, aus welchen Gründen auch immer, es nicht gewollt oder geschafft haben, sie großzuziehen und zu beschützen. Dieses Wissen, nicht gewollt zu sein, und dazu noch Eltern gehabt zu haben, die ihr Leben nicht meistern, ist ein harter Schlag für das Selbstwertgefühl von Kindern. Auch wenn es nur unterschwellig oder unbewusst wirkt, wirkt es sich stark auf die eigene Position im Leben aus. Denn Ihre Kinder können auf ihre eigene Herkunft nicht stolz sein, da ihre eigenen Eltern nicht fest im Leben standen. 

Sicher ist ein weiterer Faktor, dass Kinder, die aus einer anderen Kultur adoptiert werden und anders aussehen als ihr Umfeld, es schwerer haben, sich mit den Gasteltern zu identifizieren. Der Kontakt zu den eigenen Eltern wäre da bestimmt hilfreich, um beide Seiten in sich (die ersten Eltern, die Herkunft, die Genetik) und die zweiten Eltern (die Familie, in der man aufwächst) zu integrieren. Vielen Adoptivkindern hilft es, zumindest das Herkunftsland zu bereisen und kennen zu lernen. Doch natürlich ist auch das nicht ohne Risiken, denn möglicherweise erkennen einen die Menschen in Bangladesch nicht an, weil man die Sprache nicht spricht und die Kultur nicht kennt, während die Menschen in Deutschland einen als jemanden aus Bangladesch ansehen. Es ist wirklich nicht einfach, das Ganze.

Ihre Kinder sind dann relativ jung in eine völlig andere Umgebung gekommen. Oft kommen Adoptivkinder zu privilegierten Eltern, sei es in Hinsicht auf die finanzielle Situation, die Bildung oder den Erfolg. Es klingt so, als wenn das auch bei Ihnen der Fall ist. Die Ansprüche, die an Adoptivkinder gestellt werden (wenn auch nicht immer offen geäußert) können großen Druck und mitunter auch Schuldgefühle erzeugen. Ihre Kinder werden sicher auch gespürt haben, dass sie mit den Kindern Ihrer Freunde nicht mithalten konnten - auch das verstärkt die Gefühle eigener Wertlosigkeit. Und bei Ihrem Sohn hat sich das eher in eine aggressive Richtung ausgedrückt (auch gegen sich selbst), während Ihre Tochter depressiv geworden ist. Insgesamt scheinen Ihre Kinder, wie viele Adoptivkinder, ein schwerwiegendes Identitätsproblem zu haben. Sie fühlen sich zerrissen.

Es ist tragisch, dass Sie anscheinend Ihre Kinder nicht vor diesem Schicksal bewahren konnten, obwohl Sie sich solche Mühe gegeben haben. Aber bedenken Sie: Nicht nur Adoptiveltern, sondern auch leibliche Eltern haben oft nicht die Kinder, die sie sich wünschen. Manchmal ist ein Kind das Sorgenkind, manchmal mehrere, sei es wegen Suchtverhalten, psychischen oder körperlichen Krankheiten, politischen Ansichten, Schulversagen oder Aggressionen. Es ist für Eltern schwer, zu akzeptieren, dass sie trotz aller Anstrengungen nicht immer die Macht haben, ihre Kinder zu schützen und auf den "richtigen" Weg zu bringen. 

Wie wäre es, wenn Sie diesen Trauerprozess noch einmal bewusst durchleben und zum Beispiel in einer Therapie ihre Enttäuschung verarbeiten? Vielleicht helfen auch Gespräche mit anderen Eltern, deren Kinder sich nicht so entwickelt haben, wie sie es sich gewünscht haben? Und natürlich auch Gespräche mit Ihrem Mann, der sich wahrscheinlich ähnlich fühlt. Eine Sache ist es, sich diese Gefühle zu erlauben und sie zu verarbeiten. Eine andere Sache ist es, sich zu überlegen, wo realistische Grenzen liegen, die Sie gegenüber Ihren Kindern ziehen können oder sollten, damit Sie sich nicht verausgaben.

Ich hoffe, dass es Ihnen mit der Zeit gelingt, sich Ihren Kindern anzunähern und Ihren Frieden mit der Situation zu finden.

Herzliche Grüße, Julia Peirano